Clinical application of targeted sealing with high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement in vertebroplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of targeted sealing with high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement in the treatment of OVCFs patients with the fracture lines involved vertebral body margin.@*METHODS@#The elderly patients who underwent vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures from January 2019 to September 2021 were selected as the screening objects. Through relevant standards and further CT examination, 56 patients with fracture lines involving the anterior wall or upper and lower endplates of the vertebral body were selected for the study. There were 21 males and 35 females, aged from 67 to 89 years old with an average of (76.58±9.68) years. All 56 patients underwent secondary injection of bone cement during operation. Only a small amount of high viscosity cement was targeted to seal the edge of the vertebral body for the first time, and low viscosity cement was injected to the vertebral bodies during second bolus with well-distributed. The operation time, bone cement volume and bone cement leakage were recorded, and the pain relief was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS).@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for more than 3 months and the surgeries were successfully complete. The operation time was (50.41±10.30) min and the bone cement volume was (3.64±1.29) ml. The preoperative VAS was (7.21±2.41) points, which decreased significantly to (2.81±0.97) points 3 days after operation(P<0.05). Among the 56 patients, 2 cases(3.57%) had bone cement leakage, 1 case leaked to the paravertebral vein, and 1 case slightly bulged to the paravertebral through the crack when plugging the vertebral crack. Both patients had no obvious clinical symptoms.@*CONCLUSION@#In vertebroplasty surgery, targeted sealing of high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement can reduce intraoperative bone cement leakage and improve the safety of operation.

Meaning， Efficacy and Mechanism of Huoxin Pills in Treating Coronary Heart Disease with Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Cardiovascular diseases， with high incidence and high mortality， belong to the category of "chest impediment and heart pain" in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Chinese medicines have unique effect on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases with little side effects. Huoxin pills， one of the National Essential Drugs， is formulated based on the basic pathogenesis of weak pulse at Yang and wiry pulse at Yin and the pathological basis of myocardial ischemia and hypoxia and used for treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease （Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome）. This medicine is derived from the classic famous prescription and is composed of ten precious Chinese medicinal herbs. It can replenish Qi， activate blood， and warm collaterals to diffuse impediment by enhancing myocardial contractility and cardiac output to improve micro-circulation and increase coronary blood flow， regulating immune functions， alleviating inflammation， detoxifying， and tranquilizing mind. Clinically， it is suitable for patients with angina pectoris caused by the lack of heart Yang， chest tightness， shortness of breath， palpitation， fear of cold for limbs and so on， especially for the elderly with Yang deficiency or the patients with a history of myocardial infarction. On the basis of the available research reports， this paper explains the formula meaning of Huoxin pills from the perspective of the basic pathogenesis of coronary heart disease and predicts its action targets， location and links. Furthermore， we expound the mechanism of action of Huoxin pills based on basic research and clinical evidence-based research， aiming to provide data support and evidence for the clinical application of this medicine.

Evaluation of cardiac safety of hydroxyrutaecarpine, hERG channel inhibitor / 药学学报

Drug-induced long QT syndrome (LQTS) has become an important clinical research topic, and the occurrence of acquired long QT syndrome (acLQTS) is mainly caused by drug inhibition of the human ether-α-go-go related gene (hERG) channel. The hERG gene encodes the α subunit of the fast-activating delayed rectifying potassium ion channel (Ikr), which plays an important role in the process of action potential phase 3 repolarization and is also the target of most antiarrhythmic drugs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroxyrutaecarpine (HRU) on the hERG channel and to evaluate its cardiotoxicity. The whole cell patch clamp technique was used to detect the effects of HRU on the current and kinetics of the hERG channel, and to confirm the binding site on the hERG channel. PCR was used to determine the effect of HRU on hERG mRNA expression. Western blotting was used to detect the effects of HRU on the expression of hERG protein and transcription factor Sp1. Immunofluorescence was used to confirm the effects of HRU on localization and expression of hERG protein and transcription factor Sp1. Studies have shown that transient HRU can inhibit hERG current and shorten the inactivation time constant. Its binding sites to the hERG channel are F656 and Y652. After incubation for 24 h, HRU can reduce the expression of hERG protein, inhibit the hERG current, reduce the level of hERG mRNA, and reduce the expression of transcription factor Sp1 in the nucleus and hERG protein in the cytoplasm. Immunofluorescence experiments also showed the same results suggesting that the inhibition of Sp1 expression by HRU is the cause of the decreased expression of hERG mRNA. In conclusion, the acute inhibition of HRU accelerates the channel inactivation process and reduces the inactivation time constant by binding to the F656 and Y652 sites in the hERG channel, thus reducing the hERG current. In addition, HRU also inhibits the expression of hERG protein, mainly by inhibiting the expression of transcription factor Sp1, the transcription function of hERG channel protein is down-regulated, so that the hERG protein is reduced.

Design and research progress of nano-drug delivery system based on mitochondria targeting / 药学学报

Mitochondria is involved in many important physiological activities such as energy supply, signal transduction, cell differentiation, etc., and plays an significant role in the occurrence and development of diseases. Using mitochondria as a target is a new strategy for cancer treatment. The use of nanotechnology to construct a mitochondrial targeted nano-drug delivery system can improve the solubility of traditional drugs, prolong the half-life of drugs in the body, increase the bioavailability and concentration of drugs at the tumor site, and reduce the toxic and side effects of drugs. It is expected to solve the resistance in the process of tumor treatment. This review focuses on the field of cancer treatment. Firstly, it introduces the mechanism of mitochondrial targeted nano-drug delivery system for cancer treatment. Secondly, it outlines the design ideas, classification and application research of mitochondrial targeted nano-drug delivery systems in the past five years. Finally, it expands the analysis of other studies that target mitochondria, such as bionic vectors, and presents its advantages and disadvantages, which provide a basis for in-depth research on drug delivery systems in the future.

Expression of Glutathione Peroxidases and Its Effect on Clinical Prognosis in Glioma Patients / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of glutathione peroxidase(GPX)genes and the clinical prognosis in glioma patients,and to construct and evaluate the model for predicting the prognosis of glioma. Methods The clinical information and GPX expression of 663 patients,including 153 patients of glioblastoma(GBM)and 510 patients of low-grade glioma(LGG),were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.The relationship between GPX expression and patient survival was analyzed.The key GPX affecting the prognosis of glioma was screened out by single- and multi-factor Cox's proportional-hazards regression models and validated by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(Lasso)regression.Finally,we constructed the model for predicting the prognosis of glioma with the screening results and then used concordance index and calibration curve respectively to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of model. Results Compared with those in the control group,the expression levels of GPX1,GPX3,GPX4,GPX7,and GPX8 were up-regulated in glioma patients(all P<0.001).Moreover,the expression levels of other GPX except GPX3 were higher in GBM patients than in LGG patients(all P<0.001).The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the progression-free survival of GBM with high expression of GPX1(P=0.013)and GPX4(P=0.040),as well as the overall survival,disease-specific survival,and progression-free survival of LGG with high expression of GPX1,GPX7,and GPX8,was shortened(all P<0.001).GPX7 and GPX8 were screened out as the key factors affecting the prognosis of LGG.The results were further used to construct a nomogram model,which suggested GPX7 was the most important variable.The concordance index of the model was 0.843(95%CI=0.809-0.853),and the calibration curve showed that the predicted and actual results had good consistency. Conclusion GPX7 is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of LGG,and the nomogram model constructed with it can be used to predict the survival rate of LGG.

Constructions of the scale of difficulty in the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars by using Delphi method / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the relevant indicators affecting difficulty in the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars and score difficulty of different operation and risk indicators, so as to build an intuitive and accurate scale to help operators make more accurate analysis and prediction of difficulty before the operation.@*METHODS@#Based on literature and the clinical review, the difficulty indicators of tooth extraction were summarized. Firstly, 10 doctors from Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology who had been engaged in alveolar surgery for a long time established an expert nominal group, and then rated whether the summarized indicators needed to be retained in the form of face-to-face questionnaires. A level 1 and 2 item frame for evaluating difficulty in the tooth extraction was formed after discussion; Then Delphi method was used to send a questionnaire to 30 experts by e-mail. After two rounds of scoring and modification, the scale of difficulty in the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars was formed.@*RESULTS@#The recycling rate of two rounds of questionnaires was 100.0%, which showed that the experts were very enthusiastic about the study; The authority coefficients (Cr) of the two rounds of Delphi expert consultation were both 0.92, which showed that the results were representative and authoritative. After two rounds of grading and revision, the variable coefficient (CV) decreased and the Kendall's concordance coefficient (W) increased, which were statistically significant: In the first round, the CV was 0.24 and W was 0.56 (P < 0.001), and in the second, the CV was 0.19 and W was 0.72 (P < 0.001), which indicated that there was a good convergence among the expert opinions. Finally, a scale of difficulty in the tooth extraction containing 12 items at level A and 37 items at level B was formed, including operation difficulty indicators, risk difficulty indicators and common difficulty indicators.@*CONCLUSION@#Based on comprehensive literature retrieval, the study has put forward the concept that difficulty in the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars is composed of operation difficulty and risk difficulty. Using Delphi method, the long-term clinical experience and professional knowledge of experts are transformed into quantitative indicators as a scoring scale. The scale has certain representativeness and authority.

Expression and distribution of calprotectin in healthy and inflamed periodontal tissues / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#Calprotectin, the heterdimer of S100A8 and S100A9, is the major cytoplasmic protein of neutrophils, which is also expressed or induced in gingival epithelial cells, activated mononuclear macrophages and vascular endothelial cells. Calprotectin is intimately associated with the initiation and progression of periodontitis, but the in vivo expression patterns of calprotectin in healthy and inflamed periodontal tissue are not fully understood. To observe the expression, distribution and cellular localization of calprotectin in the samples of healthy periodontal tissues and experimental periodontitis tissues of Beagles and to explore their relationship with periodontal inflammation and possible effect.@*METHODS@#Experimental periodontitis model was established by ligation around the mandibular second molar of the Beagle dogs, while the contralateral teeth were healthy controls. Induction duration was 12 weeks, before the dogs were executed. Tissue specimens were demineralized and serial sections were made conventionally. The in vivo expression of calprotectin in the healthy and inflamed periodontal tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. The in vitro expression of calprotectin in human primary gingival fibroblasts (GFs) and periodontal ligament (PDL) cells were detected by immunocytochemistry.@*RESULTS@#Immunohistochemistry analysis indicated that calprotectin was expressed in gingival epithelial cells and infiltrated neutrophils in the healthy periodontium within the gingival epithelium, S100A8/A9 was most strongly expressed in the junctional epithelium, followed by surface epithelium, and least expressed in the sulcular epithelium. The S100A8/A9 expression levels were sharply defined at the junction between the junctional epithelium and the sulcular epithelium. In periodontal inflammatory lesions, the expression level of calprotectin in sulcular epithelium and junctional epithelium was up-regulated than that in the healthy gingival epithelium. Calprotectin was inducibly expressed in fibroblast-like cells in gingival connective tissue and periodontal ligament tissue, microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) and bone marrow fibroblasts under inflammatory conditions. Additionally, the expression of calprotectin in primary human GFs and PDL cells was confirmed by immunnocytochemistry staining.@*CONCLUSION@#Constitutively expressed in neutrophils and gingival epithelial cells, and calprotectin might maintain the homeostasis and integrity of periodontium. Inflammation-induced expression of calprotectin in GFs, PDL cells, microvascular ECs and bone marrow fibroblasts might process anti-microbial function and promote leukocytes transmigration to defend the host against the microorganisms.

Protective Effect and Mechanism of Ginkgolide B on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Cell Model / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of ginkgolide B （GB） on the activation of c-Jun aminoterminal kinase（JNK） signaling pathway and apoptosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cell model. Method:NSC34 cells were infected by slow virus containing expression superoxide dismutase1（SOD1）WT and hSOD1G93A and empty plasmid， and screened with a certain concentration of puromycin， so as to observe the transfection efficiency of slow virus and cell morphology under inverted fluorescence microscope. Western blot method was used to verify whether infected cells were over-expressing SOD1 target proteins. The hSOD1G93A-NSC34 cell lines were established and given GB. Cell cultures were divided into normal group， model group and different concentrations of ginkgolide B groups （25， 50， 75， 100 mg∙L-1）. After 48 h， methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） was used to detect cell survival rates， and select the best drug concentration. Subsequent experimental groups were divided into normal group， model group， 75 mg∙L-1 GB group， SP600125 group， and 75 mg∙L-1 GB + SP600125 group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of each group of cells. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of phosphorylation（p）-JNK， c-Jun， p-c-Jun， and cysteine aspartic acid protease -3（Caspase-3） proteins. Result:Compared with normal NSC34 cells， hSOD1G93A-NSC34 cell body became round， the synapses decreased and shortened， but the cell morphology of hSODWT-NSC34 cell and empty plasmid group did not change significantly. Western blot showed that hSOD1G93A-NSC34， hSOD1WT-NSC3 intracellular SOD1 protein levels increased significantly （P<0.01）， and the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cell model was established. Compared with the normal group， the cell activity in the model group was significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the cell activity increased at different concentrations of GB， especially when the drug concentration was 75 mg∙L-1 （P<0.01）. In subsequent experiments， compared with the normal group， the apoptosis， and expressions of p-JNK， p-c-Jun， and cleaved Caspase-3 proteins in the model group increased significantly （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the apoptosis and p-JNK， p-c-Jun， released Caspase-3 protein expressions of 75 mg∙L-1 GB group， SP600125 group， 75 mg∙L-1 GB + SP600125 group decreased significantly （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Conclusion:GB has a protective effect on the cell model of atrophy lateral sclerosis， which may be realized by JNK signal pathway.

Advances in research on the mechanism of long-QT syndrome caused by traditional Chinese medicine affecting hERG potassium channel / 药学学报

Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is recently a major concern. Cardiotoxicity is the leading cause of drug withdrawal from the market. Long-QT syndrome is one of the most important manifestations of cardiotoxicity. hERG potassium channel is an important target of drug-induced arrhythmia and antiarrhythmia drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine is a traditional medicine in China with a long history and a wide range of clinical use. However, the multi-organ toxicity caused by traditional Chinese medicine is still a problem to be solved. Some traditional Chinese medicines already in clinical use have been withdrawn from the market because of their potential cardiotoxicity or severe arrhythmias. The cardiac toxicity of more than 50 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines causing arrhythmia was reported, while more than 20 of them are induced by affecting on the hERG potassium channels. Therefore, finding out the mechanism of drug-induced long-QT syndrome and the regulatory target of drug intervention is the key research goal in today's medical field. In this paper, we summarized the mechanisms of long-QT syndrome induced by traditional Chinese medicine with Ikr/hERG potassium channel as the main target. It provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of related traditional Chinese medicine in clinical practice, the avoidance of cardiac toxicity and the development of regulatory targets for drug intervention.

Cardiac safety evaluation of berberine combining with berberine-derived medicine / 药学学报

Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a serious concern in recent years, and acquired long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an important manifestation of cardiotoxicity. hERG gene encodes the α subunit of the rapidly activated delayed rectifier potassium channel (Ikr), which plays an important role in action potential phase 3 repolarization. Drug inhibition of Ikr/hERG channel leads to prolonged QT interval, accompanied by Tdp malignant arrhythmia, which can cause sudden death. We studied the effect of berberines on the hERG K+ channels after combination with rosuvastatin and glibenclamide, and evaluated the cardiac safety of these drugs in combination. Whole cell patch clamp technique was used to detect the effect of the combinations of these drugs on hERG current on HEK293 cells stably expressing hERG gene. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of berberine or dihydroberberberine combined with rosuvastatin on hERG current were higher than single drug (P<0.05), but the combination had no effect on the kinetics of hERG channel. Berberine or dihydroberberberine combined with glibenclamide had higher inhibitory effects on hERG current than the application of single drug (P<0.05) while the time constant of hERG channel inactivation was shortened after the combination (P<0.05). In addition, the combination of berberine and glibenclamide inhibited hERG channel activation (P<0.05). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the combination of berberine with rosuvastatin or glibenclamide significantly inhibited hERG current and the inhibition effects were higher than the application alone. Therefore, when the two drugs that have inhibitory effects on the hERG channel are combined, the risk of inducing prolonged QT interval is significantly increased, and therefore reducing cardiac safety.

Efficacy of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in the treatment of patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration / 眼科新进展

Objective To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal injection of monoclonal antibody in the treatment of patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods Together 33 patients (33 eyes) with exudative AMD from February 2010 to May 2015 selected in this study were treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab,followed by examination of the best corrected visual acuity before and after surgery by international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart.The differences in ophthalmic artery (OA),central retinal artery (CRA) and ciliary artery hemodynamic parameters before and after operation were compared,and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was used to measure and calculate the changes in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) fluorescein leakage area before and after operation.Results The best corrected visual acuity was significantly improved 1 week after operation when compared with preoperative data [(0.29 ± 0.18) vs.(0.16 ± 0.15)],with significant difference (P =0.002).And 7 days after operation,the area of CNV fluorescein leakage was less than that of postoperative data [(8.48 ± 6.13)mm2 vs.(11.39 ± 6.12)mm2],and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.029).However,there was no difference in OA,CRA,the peak systolic velocity (PSV),end diastolic blood flow velocity (EDV)and resistance index (RI),pulsatility index (PI) in the treatment eyes between before operation and 1,4 weeks after operation (all P ＞ 0.05).Conelusion Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in the treatment of exudative AMD is safe and effective and can effectively improve the visual acuity and alleviate CNV leakage,without adveme effects on patients' hemodynamics.

Mechanism of diabetic kidney disease and its relationship with cardiovascular disease based on genomics / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To provide the basis for early diagnosis and clinical treatment for diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and cardiovascular disease by analyzing the causes of DKD and the relationship between them. Methods Microarray gene chip data from the glomerulus in DKD were downloaded from GEO Database.The gene expression profile,gene function,protein-protein interaction network,gene and signal pathway co-expression network of control and DKD groups were analyzed and the key node genes between the two groups were selected by R,QOE,GCBI,STRING and Genclip.Results The gene expression profile of glomerular tissue in DKD patients was significantly altered.Compared with control group,there were 844 differentially expressed genes in DKD patients.One protein-protein interaction network with the core of TNNT 2 occurred among top 20 differentially expressed genes.Differentially expressed genes were mainly related to inflammatory and stress responses,as well as to MAPK signal pathway.Conclusion The cause of DKD is mainly related to inflammatory and stress responses, which are also related to cardiovascular disease.

Expression of Pref-1 and Related Chemokines during theDevelopment of Rat Mesenteric Lymph Nodes / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Pref-1+ adipocyte progenitor cells to mobilize into mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and the dynamic expression of related chemokines during the development of rat MLNs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemical analyses were used to detect the expression of Pref-1 and related chemokines. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the changes in ultrastructure of MLNs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cells containing lipid droplets were found in all rat MLNs at embryonic day (E) 18.5, 2 and 6 weeks (w) after birth, and they were similar to fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) or follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) under TEM. Pref-1+ adipocyte progenitor cells were found in all MLNs. The expression level of Pref-1 was significantly increased at 2 w after birth and decreased at 6 w after birth. The tendency of Cxcl12 expression was consistent with that of Pref-1 and was positively correlated with the expression of Pref-1 (P < 0.01; r = 0.897). At E18.5, Cxcl13, and Ccr7 were significantly expressed in the MLN anlage, but the expression level of Ccl21 was low. The expression level of Cxcl13, Ccr7, and Ccl21 in MLN were significantly increased at 2 w after birth (P < 0.05), while the expression of Ccr7 and Ccl21 were significantly decreased at 6 w after birth (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Adipocyte progenitor cells are involved in the rat MLNs development through differentiation into FRC and FDC. The expression of the relevant chemokines during the development of MLNs is dynamic and may be related to the maintenance of lymph nodes self-balance state.</p>

Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes and the Interaction Network between Acute and Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Children / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To analyze the differentially expressed genes and key proteins in T cells between acute and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in children and provide the basis for the prevention and therapies of this disease. Methods Microarray gene chip data from T cells of children with acute or chronic ITP were downloaded from the GEO Database. The gene expression profiles,gene function,and protein interaction network were analyzed by R,QOE,Networkanalyst,GCBI,and GenClip. Results The gene expression profiles between these two groups were significantly different. Among the 54 675 genes analyzed,there were 457 (0.84%) differentially expressed genes between these two groups. In the protein interaction networks among top 20 differentially expressed genes,the core was JUN(down-regulated) and ITCH(up-regulated),which were both related to the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway;differentially expressed genes were mainly related to the activation and tolerance of T cell. Conclusions The gene expression profiles differ between acute and chronic ITP patients,suggesting that the gene transcription profile plays a regulatory role in the different stages of ITP. JUN and ITCH may play a role in predict the progression of ITP and may exert their biological functions by regulating the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway.

Study on the distribution of Chinese medicine constitutions of hypertension complicated diabetes in Xianyang / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To investigate the distribution of TCM Constitution in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus by means of cross-sectional study.Methods A total of 150 hypertension patients from Shaanxi university of traditional Chinese medicine and Xianyang central hospital were selected from year 2014-2015,and were divided into two groups, including 62 patients complicated with diabetes, as the observation group; 88 patients without diabetes, as the control group. The distribution of TCM Constitution in the two groups was compared. Results The proportion of Yi n deficiency constitution, phlegm dampness constitution in the observation group was relatively high,but the proportion of Q i deficiency and Yi n deficiency in the control group was relatively high. Compared with the female patients,the proportion of Yi n deficiency constitution,phlegm dampness constitution and blood stasis constitution of the male patients was higher,while the Qi depression constitution and the proportion of the specific physical constitution were relatively low, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2value were 4.408, 3.723, 3.723, 3.964, 3.893, P value were 0.036, 0.044, 0.044, 0.046, 0.039). The factors like gender, age, BMI, alcohol intake, history of coronary heart disease, diet and taste preference were correlated with the physical types (B value were 1.967, 0.089, 0.017, -0.871, -0.959, -0.014,P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the taste preference and history of coronary heart disease posed a negative correlation with all types of constitution. Conclusions The types of TCM Constitution in hypertensive patients with diabetes are mainly Yi n deficiency and phlegm dampness, and the patients with hypertension are the deficiency of Q i and Yi n deficiency. The gender, age, BMI, alcohol consumption, coronary heart disease, and dietary preferences can influence the physical type of constitution.

Correlational analysis on the TCM constitution types and living habits of hypertensive patients / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To investigate the physical constitution and living habits of 800 hypertensive patients by using the current investigation method, and to further explore the relationship.Methods The TCM constitution types and living habits of 800 hypertensive patients who met the diagnostic criteria of hypertension in outpatient and inpatient department of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2014 to 2015 were studied.Results Hypertension patients showed the highest frequency of mediocre, and partial physical constitutionincluded yin deficiency, yang deficiency, phlegm and dampness, qi stagnation, dampness and heat, special temperament and blood stasis. It showed significant difference among the TCM constitution in the fields of age, gender (χ2 values were 40.273, 56.457, 31.719,P<0.01); the coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and blood pressure control were consistent with the distribution of physical types of population, and the difference was significant (χ2 values were 48.975, 8.321, 6.514,P<0.01). In terms of lifestyle, the differences in physical constitution between different tastes were statistically significant (χ2= 480.403,P<0.05); exercise time and sleep (P<0.05), and the difference was significant (P<0.001) the relationship between yin deficiency and exercise time (P<0.001); phlegm-dampness and exercise time and sleep time (P=0.009,P<0.001,P=0.001); qi stagnation and dietary hobby and sleep time (P<0.001); special temperament and diet and sleep time (P values were 0.001, 0.008, respectively).Conclusions The constitution type of TCM in hypertensive patients is related to sex, age, educational level and previous diseases, and is affected by diet, exercise time and sleep habits

Correlational analysis on the TCM constitution types and living habits of hypertensive patients / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To investigate the physical constitution and living habits of 800 hypertensive patients by using the current investigation method, and to further explore the relationship.Methods The TCM constitution types and living habits of 800 hypertensive patients who met the diagnostic criteria of hypertension in outpatient and inpatient department of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2014 to 2015 were studied.Results Hypertension patients showed the highest frequency of mediocre, and partial physical constitutionincluded yin deficiency, yang deficiency, phlegm and dampness, qi stagnation, dampness and heat, special temperament and blood stasis. It showed significant difference among the TCM constitution in the fields of age, gender (χ2 values were 40.273, 56.457, 31.719,P<0.01); the coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and blood pressure control were consistent with the distribution of physical types of population, and the difference was significant (χ2 values were 48.975, 8.321, 6.514,P<0.01). In terms of lifestyle, the differences in physical constitution between different tastes were statistically significant (χ2= 480.403,P<0.05); exercise time and sleep (P<0.05), and the difference was significant (P<0.001) the relationship between yin deficiency and exercise time (P<0.001); phlegm-dampness and exercise time and sleep time (P=0.009,P<0.001,P=0.001); qi stagnation and dietary hobby and sleep time (P<0.001); special temperament and diet and sleep time (P values were 0.001, 0.008, respectively).Conclusions The constitution type of TCM in hypertensive patients is related to sex, age, educational level and previous diseases, and is affected by diet, exercise time and sleep habits

Effects of low salt diet on gene expression in dog's heart / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of low-salt diet on gene expression of canine cardiac tissue.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Microarray data (GSE17149) of heart tissue from dogs fed with low-salt diet was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The data were analyzed by Qlucore Omics Explorer 3.1, STRING 10.0, Genclip 2.0 and GCBI. The protein-protein interactions (PPI) of the differentially expressed genes in low-salt and control groups were conducted to screen the key node genes between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the gene expression profile of the dog heart tissue was changed in the low-salt diet group, and 1343 (3.12%) differentially expressed genes were found in 43 035 genes. The differentially expressed gene protein interaction analysis revealed a most obvious protein (NFKBIA) as the core, which might be related to inhibiting the differentiation of macrophage-derived foam cell and promoting cholesterol discharge and decomposition.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gene expression of heart tissue in dogs fed with low-salt diet is significantly changed and low-salt diet may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by up-regulating the expression of NFKBIA.</p>

Tongjingling improves sperm DNA integrity and reduces oxidative stress in the testis of experimental varicocele rats / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the protective effect of Tongjingling (TJL) against sperm DNA damage and oxidative stress in the rat model of experimental varicocele (EVC).@*METHODS@#We randomly divided 75 Wistar male rats into five groups of equal number: sham operation, EVC model, high-dose TJL, mid-dose TJL, and low-dose TJL. The EVC model was established in the rats by partial ligation of the left renal vein, followed by 8 weeks of medication from the 4th week after modeling. Then we observed the general status of the rats, detected the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in the epididymis by sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), and measured the content of hydroperoxide (H2O2) and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the testis by colorimetry.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham operation group, the EVC models showed significantly increased sperm DFI in the epididymis (P <0.01) and elevated level of H2O2 and activities of CAT and SOD in the testis (P <0.01). In comparison with the EVC models, the rats of the TJL groups exhibited remarkably reduced sperm DFI and H2O2 content, but increased activities of SOD and CAT.@*CONCLUSIONS@#TJL can improve sperm DNA integrity by increasing the activities of SOD and CAT and reducing the H2O2 level and hence oxidative stress in the testis tissue.

A data-driven method for syndrome type identification and classification in traditional Chinese medicine / 中西医结合学报

The efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments for Western medicine (WM) diseases relies heavily on the proper classification of patients into TCM syndrome types. The authors developed a data-driven method for solving the classification problem, where syndrome types were identified and quantified based on statistical patterns detected in unlabeled symptom survey data. The new method is a generalization of latent class analysis (LCA), which has been widely applied in WM research to solve a similar problem, i.e., to identify subtypes of a patient population in the absence of a gold standard. A well-known weakness of LCA is that it makes an unrealistically strong independence assumption. The authors relaxed the assumption by first detecting symptom co-occurrence patterns from survey data and used those statistical patterns instead of the symptoms as features for LCA. This new method consists of six steps: data collection, symptom co-occurrence pattern discovery, statistical pattern interpretation, syndrome identification, syndrome type identification and syndrome type classification. A software package called Lantern has been developed to support the application of the method. The method was illustrated using a data set on vascular mild cognitive impairment.